Definition
A family of water-soluble acids — including glycolic, lactic, and mandelic — that dissolve the 'glue' holding dead skin cells together, smoothing texture and brightening tone.
AHAs (alpha-hydroxy acids) are water-loving acids that work on the skin's surface. They're best for dryness, dullness, sun damage, and fine lines — anything that benefits from a smoother, more reflective top layer. Common AHAs include glycolic (smallest, strongest), lactic (gentle and hydrating), and mandelic (largest, best for sensitive or darker skin).
Exfoliation
The process of removing dead skin cells from the skin's surface, either physically (scrubs, devices) or chemically (acids, enzymes) to reveal fresher skin.
Glycolic Acid
An alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) derived from sugarcane, used for chemical exfoliation. The smallest AHA molecule, it penetrates skin most effectively.
Lactic Acid
A gentle alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) derived from milk that exfoliates the skin's surface, improves moisture retention, and brightens tone. Milder than glycolic acid.
BHA (Beta-Hydroxy Acid)
A family of oil-soluble acids — most notably salicylic acid — that penetrate into pores to break down excess sebum and dead skin. Ideal for oily, acne-prone skin.